@Article{SousaPMSPRSH:2020:OzTrEq,
               author = "Sousa, C. T. and Paes Leme, Neusa Maria and Martins, Maria Paulete 
                         Pereira and Silva, F. R. and Penha, Tercio Luiz Bezerra and 
                         Rodrigues, Nilson Lu{\'{\i}}s and Silva, E. L. and Hoelzemann, 
                         J. J.",
          affiliation = "{Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN)} and 
                         {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto 
                         Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Universidade Federal 
                         do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN)} and {Instituto Nacional de 
                         Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas 
                         Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 
                         (INPE)} and {Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN)}",
                title = "Ozone trends on equatorial and tropical regions of South America 
                         using Dobson spectrophotometer, TOMS and OMI satellites 
                         instruments",
              journal = "Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics",
                 year = "2020",
               volume = "203",
                pages = "e105272",
                month = "July",
             keywords = "Dobson spectrophotometer, Ozone trend, TOMS, OMI, Total ozone 
                         content, Ozone seasonal cycle.",
             abstract = "The ozone layer filters solar ultraviolet radiation and is 
                         affected by several photochemical and dynamical processes in the 
                         atmosphere. Stratospheric ozone formation takes place primarily in 
                         tropical regions and it is the consequence of reactions between 
                         atmospheric oxygen and the ultraviolet solar radiation. For the 
                         purpose of this paper, the atmospheric TOC (Total Ozone Content) 
                         measurements are calculated using Dobson spectrophotometers, in 
                         conjunction of satellite data of TOMS (Total Ozone Mapping 
                         Spectrometer), and OMI (Ozone Monitoring Instrument), at Cachoeira 
                         Paulista (22.7oS, 45.0oW) (CP) and Natal (5.8oS, 35.2oW) (NT), 
                         Brazil. The time series considered extend from 1974 to 2013 for CP 
                         and from 1978 to 2013 for NT. The mean differences in ozone values 
                         between Dobson and TOMS, and between Dobson and OMI, are about 3% 
                         and 2%, respectively. The correlations of the Dobson 
                         spectrophotometers with TOMS are inferior to the correlations of 
                         Dobson to OMI data, due to the improved retrieval and algorithm of 
                         the more recent OMI instrument. The observed long-term ozone 
                         trends obtained for CP and NT with Dobsons, are: \−2.76%, 
                         for the period of 19742013, and -0.78%, for the period of 
                         19782013, respectively. The trend in TOC per decade is of 
                         \−0.71 ± 0.4% at CP, and of \−0.22 ± 0.2%, at NT. 
                         The estimated seasonal trends for CP in June-July-August are 
                         \−3.3%, compared to NT, which yields \−1% in the 
                         same period. NT seasonal trend for December-January-February is 
                         \−1.3%. This shows that there is a more significant 
                         decrease at CP than at NT, which agrees with the fact that the 
                         most active ozone production occurs near the equator. The average 
                         ozone amounts were 268.3 ± 13.1 DU for CP and 265.9 ± 10.9 DU for 
                         NT, and a seasonal cycle with a minimum of 256.0 DU at CP and NT 
                         in autumn and maximum of 283 DU at CP and 279 DU at NT in spring, 
                         of southern hemisphere.",
                  doi = "10.1016/j.jastp.2020.105272",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2020.105272",
                 issn = "1364-6826",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "sousa_ozone.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "27 abr. 2024"
}